Home » Biography » Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela – History, life, Death and Quotes

Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela – History, life, Death and Quotes

Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela former South African President was born on 18 July 1918 in Madiba clan (Mvezo), which is located at the Eastern Cape. Mr. Nkosi Mphakanyiswa Gadla Mandela is the father of the star, meanwhile, Mrs. Nonqaphi Nosekeni is the mother of the star. The father of the star was the former counselor to the King of the Thembu people (Jongintaba Dalindyebo).

Nelson Mandela Achievements

When Nelson Mandela was 12, he lost his father and the little star assumed the position of an award to the Jongintaba at the Great Place in Mqhekezweni1.

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nelson mandela achievements

What inspired Nelson Mandela was his ancestral story that he heard about the wars of resistance, this made the young star to also desired to make an impact just like his ancestors has done and has sworn to lead his people to freedom.

The young star attended his primary school in Qunu, where he was given the name Nelson by his teacher Miss Mdingane and this was in accordance with the norms of the school where each student where given “Christian” names.

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The star finished his Junior Certificate in Clarkebury Boarding Institute and forged ahead to attend Healdtown, where he did his matriculation.

He continued his Bachelor of Arts degree in a very reputable university as of then known as University College of Fort Hare, he was expelled from the school for joining other students to protest.

When the star returned to the King of Mqhekezweni became dismayed and promised to give the star and his cousin wives if they don’t go back Fort Hare. The two were scared and had to relocate to Johannesburg in 1941, where they worked as a mine security officer and this was after they had met with an estate agent, Walter Sisulu, who introduced them to Lazer Sidelsky.

The star later completed his BA in the University of South Africa and later returned to Fort Hare in 1943 where he graduated. Nelson Mandela kicked off his LLB studies at the University of the Witwatersrand. He wasn’t able to finish his studies there he wasn’t financially buoyant. He later went back to study at the University of London and this was after the star was released from prison in the year 1962 where he completed his studies.

During the last months of his imprisonment in 1989, the star was able to obtain his LLB at the University of South Africa.

About His Political Life

Nelson Mandela began to join in his country’s political activities and was started to become popular in the year 1942. The star joined the African National Congress in 1944 after he assisted in forming the ANC Youth League (ANCYL).

He got married to a nurse in 1944, Walter Sisulu’s cousin and they both had two sons and two daughters and name of their sons where (Madiba Thembekile “Thembi” and Makgatho), while the daughters both had the same name (Makaziwe). He and his wife got divorced in the year 1958.

Through the effort of the star, the ANC adopted a more radical mass-based policy, meanwhile, Mandela was able to rise to the ranks of the ANCYL.

The star was chosen as the National Volunteer-in-Chief of the Defiance Campaign in the year 1952, meanwhile, his deputy was Maulvi Cachalia. The star and 9 others were sentenced to nine months of hard labor, suspended for two years as the result of their campaign of civil disobedience against six unjust laws which was actually a joint programme between South African Indian Congress and the ANC.

Mandela was able to later practice law as a result of the BA the star obtained and on August 1952 the star combined forces with Oliver Tambo to established South Africa’s first black law firm which was known as Mandela & Tambo. Towards the end of the same year that the firm was established (1952), the star was for the first time banned. This made Mandela a restricted person who was permitted only to watch activities in secret as a result of the adoption of Freedom Charter in Kliptown on 26 June 1955.

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Nelson Treason Trail

On the 5th of December 1956, the star was arrested for Treason in a countrywide police swoop. There where lots of people in the dock. They were made up of 28 accused with Mandela as the last, where they got were acquitted on 29 March 1961.

There was a protest in Sharpeville, against the pass laws and police on that day (21 March 1960) killed 69 persons who were unarmed and this resulted to the banning of the ANC, Pan Africanist Congress (PAC) on 8 April and the first state of emergency. Nelson Mandela happens to be among thousands that were detained during the state of emergency.

Mandela on the 14th June 1958, got married to a social worker during the trial. The star and his wife both bore two daughters, Zindziswa and Zenani before they got divorced in 1996.

Few days to the end of the Treason trial, the star went to Pietermaritzburg to make a speech at the All-in Africa Conference. It all boiled down to the star writing to Prime Minister Verwoerd where he will demand that a national convention of a non-racial constitution be held. He also made it know if the minister doesn’t consent, then there will be a national strike. And the strike would be against South Africa becoming a republic. Mandela and all his supporters were discharged from all charges, which gave the star the chance to go underground and planned a powerful national strike that will last from the 29th March to the 31st March.

Nelson Mandela on 11 January 1962 adopted the name David Motsamayi which he used in secretly left South Africa. The star visited many African nations and also visited England where he wanted to gain support for the armed struggle. The star was also able to receive military training in Ethiopia and Morroco and in July 1962 finally went back to his country. The star was arrested on August while he was returning from KwaZulu-Nata.

The star was charged for inciting workers to strike and leaving the country without a permit. This leads to 5 years sentence and served at Pretoria Local Prison. The star was later transferred On 27 May 1963 to Robben Island and on the 12th of June, the star returned to Pretoria.

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He was later convicted for sabotage which was at that time known as Rivonia Trial and while the star was facing the death penalties, this was his speech while he was still in the dock and this later became among the star’s most famous speech in the year 1964 April 20th:

Nelson Mandela speech while in the Dock on 20th April 1964 “I have fought against white domination, and I have fought against black domination. I have cherished the ideal of a democratic and free society in which all persons live together in harmony and with equal opportunities. It is an ideal which I hope to live for and to achieve. But if needs be, it is an ideal for which I am prepared to die. ”

Nelson Mandela and seven others that were accused alongside with him, Govan Mbeki, Walter Sisulu, Elias Motsoaledi, Ahmed Kathrada, Andrew Mlangeni, Denis Goldberg, and Raymond Mhlaba; and were going to be sentenced to life imprisonment the next day. Meanwhile, Goldberg was moved to Pretoria Prison just because he was white, while the other blacks were sent to Robben Island.

Mandela was later transferred to Pollsmoor Prison in Cape Town on 31 March 1982 he was accompanied by other prisoners like Mhlaba, Mlangeni, and Sisulu. Mandela was later hospitalized for a prostate surgery on November 1985 and Later initiated talks about a meeting between the ANC and the apartheid government.

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Nelson Release from prison

Nelson was diagnosed with tuberculosis and was hospitalized on the 12th of August 1988. The star later got transferred on the 7the of December 1988 after he had spent 3 months in the hospital already. The star spent his last 14 months of imprisonment at Victor Verster Prison near Paarl where the star was transferred.

Nelson Mandela was later released on Sunday 11 February 1990 which was nine days after the ANC was unbanned. While the star was in the prison, he had rejected three conditional release offer.

The star got engaged in several official talks to put an end to minority rule. The star was able to assume the position of the president of ANC in 1991 replacing his Oliver Tambo, his ailing friend. Two years later, the star and President FW de Klerk won a Nobel Peace Prize. Meanwhile, in the year 1994, Mandela voted for the first time ever.

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President

Mandela became South Africa’s first democratically elected President on the 10th of May 1994. The star later got married to Graça Machel in 1998 on his 80th birthday.

The star had earlier promised to step down in the year 1999 after ruling for one term as president. He was active and still worked with his foundation called Nelson Mandela Children’s Fund which he set up in the year 1995. The star also had another foundation like the Mandela Rhodes Foundation.

Mandela’s grandson was elected as head of the Mvezo Traditional Council at the Mvezo Great Place on April 2007. The legend later died on the 5th December 2013 his home in Johannesburg.

About the author

Samuel Jackson

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